I'd highly recommend reading up on Content Modeling.
Content Page Types = structured content that has a URL associated with it, like a news article. They always have the same fields but different values as you add new articles.
Content Page Templates = these are predefined templates that content page types use.
Content Page Items = structured content that does NOT have a URL associated with it, like a banner image. They always have the same fields but different values as you add new items. These can be used to build out a given page's content.