You can cast the ISearchDocument to LuceneSearchDocument which comes from CMS.Search.Lucene or from CMS.Search.Lucene3, depending on the version you're using. in lucene 3, the LuceneSearchDocument has a property Boost, which can be set.
using CMS.Search.Lucene3;
ISearchDocument doc = SearchHelper.CreateDocument(documentParameters);
var ldoc = doc as LuceneSearchDocument;
ldoc.Document.Boost = 2.0f;