If it can be done in .net, it can be done with Kentico. Nothing built in though to do what you want it to, save maybe the file uploads which i think there's a webpart that can do that. You would have to either create a custom control that would have to do the logic to execute the command line command, or perhaps a slightly more advanced is you create a form that allows them to upload the files, and then grab the global event for Form Submissions and check for that particular form and handle it, so when they submit the form it will do all the execution (perhaps also sending them the result of the gulp command?)
Vague i know, but i hope this points in the right directly.