Kentico Cloud is because it's a headless CMS.
However Kentico 10 (the full platform) i believe needs to be housed on a full ASP.Net server, not just the core. Although it doesn't make much sense, if you have the CMS on a normal ASP.NET server, you can build a site off of Kentico 10's API's / REST service and host that in a .Net core server, but again that doesn't make a lot of sense to do.
https://docs.kentico.com/k10/installation/server-and-hosting-requirements