I can remember working with department sites (that was Kentico v. 6 or 7, so this could change) and there was a possibility to create Department template and that was very similar to what you're looking for: a subtree, where you could add department landing page, news listing, news detail, etc. So once you configure your department template (subtree) editor could go into content tree and create a new department, which would create all those pages at once.
However, not sure if it is available in latest versions of Kentico. You could try to install intranet portal site and check for departments there.