You can use the Media file data source web part in cooperation with the Media gallery - file list web part to view all files within the appropriate media library. This media library can be chosen within the Media gallery – file list web part properties.
Once you have all the files in the data source, it is just about correct transformation. Basically, you'll need to have correct syntax when speaking about an external JavaScript Lightbox solution (or Colorbox). Just append the CSS styles and JavaScripts to the master page, and you are all set.
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