Hi,
Unfortunately workflow for page templates is not supported yet. This improvement is planned for one of the next versions of Kentico
CMS. I am sorry for this inconvenience.
Right now you can use the approach you have described or use the content staging - you will test the page templates on development machine and if everything is OK, you will synchronize this changes to live server.
Regarding missing content - I assume that you mean the content of editable regions. If so, if you remove the web part from the page template - the content is missing, but as soon as you will add the editable region web part back again, with the same ID, the content will be displayed.
Best regards,
Juraj Ondrus